Abbass Ayati fard
Abstract
Man-made-hostile threats (the subject of passive defense science) have a special place among the wide range of threats that are directed at humans and the built environment; While in most natural threats, it is not possible to fully depreciate the threat, in man-made-hostile threats, due to the human ...
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Man-made-hostile threats (the subject of passive defense science) have a special place among the wide range of threats that are directed at humans and the built environment; While in most natural threats, it is not possible to fully depreciate the threat, in man-made-hostile threats, due to the human origin and the autonomy of the individual or human communities in making decisions and actions, it is possible to effectively reduce the damage and even depreciate. And there is a complete removal of the threat. From this point of view, the set of measures and measures to face this category of threats under the general title of "non-functional defense science" is of special importance. Considering the wide range of threats, the current research tries to find scientific and sustainable solutions in the face of man-made-hostile threats related to the profession of environmental designer (architecture - Urbanization) extract and explain by focusing on the planning stage. This study, using descriptive-analytical method, first defines the strategies with the tools of library study and interviews, and then analyzes the relationships between them using the method cross impact analysis and MIC MAC. In the matrix of direct effects, the variable "law/local democracy" has the highest ratio of influence to influence. Also, among the measured variables, the most influential is related to "discourse", the least influential is related to "attention to minorities", the most influential is related to "dynamism/political-cultural rethinking" and "discourse" and the least influential is related to "law/ It is local democracy.
Elmira Karimipour; Hamed Beyti; Leila Medghalchi
Abstract
Teaching architectural design is related to teaching skills that teach a person through strategies in the field of practical knowledge, including reference to examples and records of architecture. Every action is based on types of tacit and explicit knowledge, and tacit knowledge has a bodily root to ...
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Teaching architectural design is related to teaching skills that teach a person through strategies in the field of practical knowledge, including reference to examples and records of architecture. Every action is based on types of tacit and explicit knowledge, and tacit knowledge has a bodily root to be recorded in memory through bodily memory. Since human senses participate in his bodily perceptions and affect his judgment; As a result of the stimulation of sensory evidence, a person mentally simulates or embodies that evidence through mirror neurons in the nervous system. Therefore, the architect can deal with similar situations according to the patterns of the design situation that he learned through experience. The research aimed to improve architecture education through the strategy of referring to architectural examples, and sought to answer the question, "How can one arrive at the presentation of design situation models from personal experiences?". In this regard, the qualitative research was conducted in two stages. In the theoretical exploration stage, the research was done in a descriptive-analytical way, collecting library information, and then in the practical exploration stage, it was exploratory, with the phenomenological method through semistructured interviews based on three central questions, until theoretical saturation was reached. Qualitative analysis of the text of the interviews was done using the Max Van Manen method and coding was done using the Creswell method.
Mahbubeh Zamani; Farzane Vafaee; Faramarz Fadaee
Abstract
The impact of the built environment on humans has been a longstanding focus of research. This study delves into the profound influence of architectural elements on environmental restorativeness and its subsequent impact on user well-being and mental health, as viewed through the lens of neuroscience. ...
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The impact of the built environment on humans has been a longstanding focus of research. This study delves into the profound influence of architectural elements on environmental restorativeness and its subsequent impact on user well-being and mental health, as viewed through the lens of neuroscience. Employing a qualitative approach, the research involved a thorough analysis of literature and theoretical foundations related to environmental restorativeness, architectural components, and the environmental effects on mental health. Four primary theories pertinent to this topic—Stress Reduction Theory (SRT), Attention Restoration Theory (ART), Prospect-Refuge Theory (PRT), and Arousal Theory—served as the study's foundational frameworks, from which relevant architectural elements were extracted. Findings indicate that both physical and conceptual environmental components significantly influence restorativeness. These components can be categorized into two primary levels and one foreground level, with corresponding architectural elements identified in the research. Ultimately, this study presents a theoretical model for designing restorative environments that facilitate the restoration of psychological capabilities and user well-being, reducing stress, enhancing focus, and promoting self-actualization during active engagement with the restorative environment. This framework can be applied in architectural design to enhance the psychological well-being of individuals.
Mahsa Javadi nodeh; Alimohamad Taheri
Abstract
Architectural elements are built to provide comfort to people. Brick refrigerators are a group of these elements that were built in hot and dry areas. Because in hot and dry areas, providing fresh water and storing food was a necessity.These spaces were capable of storing ice for a long time. These refrigerators ...
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Architectural elements are built to provide comfort to people. Brick refrigerators are a group of these elements that were built in hot and dry areas. Because in hot and dry areas, providing fresh water and storing food was a necessity.These spaces were capable of storing ice for a long time. These refrigerators are composed of components such as a shade wall, dome, ice storage tank and pond, and various specifications such as dimensions, sizes, direction, and location that directly affect the function and structure of the building. Now, by examining the body and function of refrigerators, in addition to understanding them more comprehensively, we can reach an ideal model of refrigerators so that these Iranian achievements can be preserved and used in buildings.This article aims to analyze and identify the differences and distinctions by examining the structure of refrigerators in the eastern, southern, and central regions of the country. In this research, the analytical-descriptive method has been used.The data collection method in the present study is a combination of library and field studies. After the studies, it was revealed that the form of the shading wall is affected by the angle of radiation and the location of the dome, as well as the arrangement of the location of the reservoir entrances, and the way the reservoir dome is connected to other elements causes the formation or non-formation of a number of sub-elements. Finally, we arrive at an ideal form that introduces the best placement and geometric states of the components
Reza Serali
Abstract
“Vernacular architecture” is a term coined in the nineteenth century to refer to a set of building traditions outside of conventional building patterns, often created by formally trained architects. This type of architecture, which shapes most of the environments ever created, has always ...
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“Vernacular architecture” is a term coined in the nineteenth century to refer to a set of building traditions outside of conventional building patterns, often created by formally trained architects. This type of architecture, which shapes most of the environments ever created, has always had a significant impact on the architectural practice of formal architects. In recent decades, scholars have recommended moving from reductionist and ideological approaches to more problem-oriented and conceptual methods and theory-building in relation to vernacular environments in order to benefit from vernacular traditions in solving complex problems of contemporary environments. Within this framework, the present study aims to examine some of the fundamental concepts of the field of vernacular architecture studies and to identify vernacular housing patterns in a known vernacular settlement. Thus, in the first step of the research, the definitions of “vernacular architecture” and “pattern” have been examined using the method of documentary study and logical reasoning. In the second step, using the "case study" method (an embedded single-case study), 21 vernacular dwellings in the Kang village (located in Torqeba Shandiz County, Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran) were purposefully selected and documented as the research's "units of analysis". In the third step, by analyzing some of the data from the research database, placement patterns of the vernacular dwellings in relation to its natural terrain were extracted and reported. These patterns include the "orientation", the "Spatial Organization in Storeys", the "access" and the "Vertical Circulation", which are presented and discussed at the end of the article.
Elahe Zoghi Hosseini
Abstract
Regionalism, over its extensive presence in the field of architecture, has adopted various approaches, transitioning from form-historical methodologies that emphasized identity towards climatic-phenomenological perspectives. This shift has replaced stylistic, formal, and aesthetic discussions with a ...
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Regionalism, over its extensive presence in the field of architecture, has adopted various approaches, transitioning from form-historical methodologies that emphasized identity towards climatic-phenomenological perspectives. This shift has replaced stylistic, formal, and aesthetic discussions with a focus on social, cultural, ecological issues, and human connections. In the years leading up to the end of the twentieth century and continuing to the present day, regional architectural theory has undergone considerable development and diversification from various perspectives, becoming increasingly aligned with its functional applications. The research explores the theoretical foundations of the subject by examining the perspectives offered by scholars, particularly Alexander Tzonis, Liane Lefaivre, Lewis Mumford, and Kenneth Frampton. It will delve into various forms of regionalism and their different approaches, along with relevant examples, culminating in the presentation of a theoretical model of regionalism perspectives.Therefore, using the method of qualitative content analysis based on the logic of inductive reasoning, from the textual data and architectural experiences mentioned in the research, move and by extracting the hidden concepts in it, gradually reach more abstract levels of regionalism in architecture.The results of studies and analyses of the views of experts and instances of contemporary architecture indicate that today's regionalism approaches aim to mitigate previous dogmatic and restrictive ideologies while enhancing environmental perspectives and leveraging the benefits of sustainable development.
Elham badikarimi Kheira; Darab Diba; Simon Ayvazian
Abstract
Throughout history, there has been a deep and intertwined relationship between structures, materials, and architecture. This relationship has evolved significantly with the advancement of modern technologies and new materials that have transformed architectural practices around the world. This article ...
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Throughout history, there has been a deep and intertwined relationship between structures, materials, and architecture. This relationship has evolved significantly with the advancement of modern technologies and new materials that have transformed architectural practices around the world. This article examines the aesthetic criteria of construction technologies in contemporary architecture, focusing on the impact of new technologies on the expression of aesthetics and architectural forms. This study was conducted with an analytical-descriptive method. Through library studies and case studies in contemporary architecture, the role of advanced technologies and modern materials in the evolution of architectural aesthetics has been analyzed. The findings show that new technologies and modern materials play a significant role in shaping new architectural forms and designs. These developments allow architects to be more creative and innovative. Concepts such as movement, dynamism, variability, and adaptation to environmental conditions have become key elements in the aesthetics of contemporary architecture. The use of movable components and the externalization of functional elements not only increase the efficiency of buildings, but also help create a play of light and shadow and emphasize aesthetic aspects. The combination of new construction technologies and modern materials with aesthetic principles has led to the transformation of contemporary architecture. This transformation is a reflection of the spirit of the times and the needs of today's society. By taking advantage of these possibilities, architects are able to create buildings that keep pace with technological advances and provide users with a rich and dynamic spatial experience.
Mohamad Sadegh Foroughi; Jafar Taheri
Abstract
For over a century, architects in the Islamic world have grappled with the dual dilemma of preserving tradition versus fully embracing modernity. However, the influence of Muslim intellectual reformists on the thought and practice of these architects remains largely unexplored. The advent of modernity, ...
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For over a century, architects in the Islamic world have grappled with the dual dilemma of preserving tradition versus fully embracing modernity. However, the influence of Muslim intellectual reformists on the thought and practice of these architects remains largely unexplored. The advent of modernity, accompanied by an identity crisis and the accelerated decline of Muslim societies, prompted a revivalist response from both Muslim communities and intellectuals. These responses, both in theory (intellectual discourse) and practice (architecture), can be categorized into three overarching discourses: (1) a return to tradition, (2) adherence to modernity, and (3) a synthesis of tradition and modernity.What has been termed the revivalist movement, the Islamic Renaissance, or the Neo-Mu‘tazilite trend focuses on an intrinsic synthesis between tradition and modernity, advocating integration as a middle ground between these two poles. This paper examines the impact of these discourses on the thinking and methodologies of leading contemporary architects in the Islamic world. By conducting a historical analysis of major design approaches through a comparative study of the theoretical foundations of contemporary architects and the ideas of Muslim reformists, the paper aims to offer new insights.Furthermore, through an examination of revivalist architects and their architectural responses to the intersection of tradition and modernity—following Nasser Rabbat’s tripartite classification of (1) Orientalism, (2) Nationalism, and (3) Neo-Islamic—the study argues that, while valuable, this classification appears broad, particularly in the nationalist category. The present discussion seeks to refine and update this framework in light of contemporary Muslim reformist thought.
Milad Rezazadeh; Hamed Mazaherian; Mohammadreza Matini
Abstract
This research presents a conceptual framework for designing houses constructed with 3D printing, derived from an extensive review of relevant architectural literature. This innovative technology addresses crucial aspects and considerations for effective housing design. The article summarizes the architectural ...
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This research presents a conceptual framework for designing houses constructed with 3D printing, derived from an extensive review of relevant architectural literature. This innovative technology addresses crucial aspects and considerations for effective housing design. The article summarizes the architectural fundamentals necessary for 3D-printed homes, analyzing various academic articles and scientific sources to extract pertinent information. The findings cater to the needs of architects, engineers, and researchers, providing insights to enhance their design and decision-making processes. Key features of 3D-printed housing are categorized into five areas: structure, materials, printer types, construction sites, and architectural features. Concrete is identified as the primary material for building these homes, with construction permits available in regions like Iran. Two major printer systems are prominent in this field: the gantry system, ideal for larger, simple layouts, and the robotic arm system, suitable for intricate designs with limited production scope. For construction, on-site building is recommended with gantry systems, while workshop methods are better for complex designs. Concrete's tensile limitations can be addressed using steel reinforcements. Architecturally, designs may feature curved walls and unique geometries, making them compatible with computer-aided design. Overall, 3D printing is best suited for small, one-story homes, but combining traditional structural elements can allow for higher constructions while maximizing this technology’s potential.
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